Recurring or persistent pain on the outer side of the ankle often develops after an injury such as a sprained ankle. With chronic lateral ankle instability, there will be a repeated giving out of the ankle, especially on uneven surfaces, as well as a continued discomfort and swelling in the ankle. Pain, tenderness, and swelling will also be felt along the affected site.
If your ankle feels unstable and gives away repeatedly, or you have experienced repeated ankle sprains, your condition should be evaluated and treated. Chronic ankle pain, if left untreated, can lead to longterm instability, activity limitations, arthritis, and tendon problems.
Causes of Lateral Ankle Pain
The most common cause for this condition is incomplete healing after an ankle sprain. When you sprain your ankle, the connecting ligament between the bones is stretched or torn. Without thorough and complete rehabilitation, the ligament or surrounding muscles may remain weak and result in recurrent instability. As a result, you may experience additional ankle injuries.
Treatment for Lateral Ankle Pain
Treatment will depend on the final diagnosis and will be personalized to your individual needs. Both conservative (non-operative) and surgical treatment methods may be used. Conservative treatments may include:
- Anti-inflammatory medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, to reduce swelling
- Physical therapy directed at strengthening the muscles, restoring range of motion, and increasing your perception of joint position
- An ankle brace or other orthotic support
- An injection of a steroid medication
- In the case of a fracture, immobilization to allow the bone to heal
If your condition requires it, or if conservative treatment doesn't bring relief, your physician may recommend surgery. Many surgical procedures can be done on an outpatient basis. Some procedures use arthroscopic techniques, but this will depend on the extent of the underlying injury.
Physical therapy is an important part of recovery, so it is critical to follow the doctor's recommendation and the guidance of the physical therapist before returning to full activity.